Different anatomical sites of the foreign body injury with 2999 children during 2012-2016 / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristic of different foreign body injuries in children and offer the preventions.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study and the demographic information, injury causes, foreign body injury types and other clinical factors were recorded and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of the 2999 patients, 1877 (62.6%) were boys and 1122 (37.4%) were girls. The majority (72.8%, n = 2184) of the injuries were found in 1-3 years old children. The most common anatomical site was the respiratory tract (73.4%, n = 2201) followed by the digestive tract (18.6%, n = 558), the genitourinary tract (1.93%, n = 58) and other sites (6.07%, n = 182). There were 60.4% of the in-patients from rural areas and 53.2% of the patients without medical insurance, the rate of cost by medical insurance increased with age. The medians of length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost were four days and 4767.3 CNY respectively. Most of the patients had surgical treatment (90.6%, n = 2717) and 64.9% of them had the complications (n = 1946). The cure rates of the all foreign body injuries types were above 90%, especially in genitourinary tract (98.3%).@*CONCLUSION@#Different types of the foreign body injuries had dissimilar clinical characteristics. The effective prevention and control measures should be taken according to the variety of high-risk population, incidence season and foreign body injury types.

Individualized surgical treatment of congenital entropion / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the individualized treatment of congential entropion.Methods Totally 150 patients (285 eyes) with congenital entropion were analyzed,the individualized procedures were performed,including the simple incision and suture surgery for simple congenital entropion,removing the redundant skin of lower eyelid for congenital entropion with redundant skin of lower eyelid but without epicanthus,the correction of entropion combined withY-V epicanthoplasty for congenital entropion with epicanthus and the recession of lower eyelid retractor for congenital entropion with lower eyelid retraction.The clinical effect,the percentage of cure and the complication of these cases were evaluated.Results The excellent results were achieved and no relapse or complications occurred in all cases.The total cure rate was 98.6％ (281 of 285 eyes).The cure rate of simple congenital entropion was 92.0％ (23 of 25 eyes).The cure rate of congenital entropion with redundant skin of lower eyelid was 100％ (41 of 41 eyes).The cure rate of congenital halflength entropion accompanied by epicanthus was 99.4 ％ (179/180 eyes).The cure rate of congenital entropion associated with lower eyelid retraction was 97.4％ (38 of 39 eyes).Conclusions Individualized operations not only have well curative effect for various congenital entropions,but recurrence rate and complications have been reduced.

Clinical efficacy of combined procedures for the surgical correction of congenital ptosis accompanied by epicanthus / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To observe the effects of combined surgeries for the correction of congenital ptosis accompanied by epicanthus.Methods 80 cases (105 eyes) of congenital ptosis were analyzed in this study.64 cases (80 eyes),with levator muscle strength more than 4 mm,were treated with suspension of frontal aponeurosis,and 16 cases (25 eyes),with levator muscle strength less than 4 mm,were treated with shorten operation of levator palpebrae superioris.Furthermore,all these patients were corrected the epicanthus at the same time.Results Except the under correction in 5 cases (8 eyes),the remaining patients were corrected satisfactorily.Postoperative palperbal fissure length was averagely increased by 2.0± 1.0 mm,inner canthic diameter was averagely decreased by 4.0± 2.0 mm,the eyelid height was increased by average 9.0±1.0 mm,the inclination of palpebral fissure was 12.0°±2.0°;64 cases (80 eyes) were treated with suspension of frontal aponeurosis,postoperative recurrence were 7.5％ (6/80),no postoperative recurrence were 92.5％ (74/80),complication were 5.0％ (4/80);16 cases (25 eyes) were treated with shorten operation of levator palpebrae superioris,postoperative recurrence were 8.0％ (2/25),and no postoperative recurrence were 8.0％ (2/25);complication rates were 4.0％ (1/25).Conclusions This procedure of combined surgeries can reduce the recurrence rate effectively.Moreover,the satisfactory,functional,and aesthetic results can be obtained simultaneously with this method.

Study on distribution in rats and targeting property of flurbiprofen axetil microemulsion / 中国药师

Objective:To study the distribution of flurbiprofen axetil ( FA) microemulsion in rats and evaluate the targeting prop-erty to traumatic inflammation tissue. Methods:Traumatic injury model rats were established by hip surgery on the rat right thigh mus-cle and randomly divided into 2 groups:microemulsion group and solution group. Serums and tissues of rats were collected at 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240min after administration (iv. 5 mg·kg-1). A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection was developed to study the concentration of flurbiprofen in biological samples. Results: The elimination of flurbiprofen axetil microe-mulsion from blood and tissues was slower than flurbiprofen solution. At each 5 time points, drug concentrations of microemulsion group in injury muscle were higher than in normal muscle (P0. 05). Micro-emulsion group injury muscle Te(targeting efficiency) =12. 21%, and the solution group Te =3. 97%. The Re (relative uptake rate) of injury muscle was 4. 15. Conclusion:The flurbiprofen axetil microemulsion has the targeting property to traumatic injury tissues.

Analysis of viral etiology of severe pneumonia in infants and young children in Chongqing area / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence of viral infections and putative association of viral infection with illness severity in young children with severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Chongqing.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Respiratory secretion specimens were collected from 119 hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia from December 2006 to March 2008.After being processed, the samples were detected for respiratory viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), parainfluenza virus 1, 2, 3 (PIV 1, 2, 3), influenza virus A and B (IVA and IVB) either by PCR or RT-PCR. Clinical data were analyzed along with virological data by using appropriate statistical methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Viral pathogens were identified in specimens of 86 (72.3%) cases, among which RSV was detected in 49 (41.2%) patients. More than one virus was detected in 23 individual (26.7%) samples, of which 19 were dual positive for RSV and another virus. Bacterial cultures were performed for 69 patients. Both bacterial and viral pathogens were identified in 53 (76.8%) patients. Bacterial and viral coinfection was demonstrated in samples from 41 (59.4%) cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Viral pathogens are the main etiology of severe pneumonia in young children in Chongqing area during the study period. RSV was the most frequent viral pathogens, followed by ADV and hMPV. Coinfection with respiratory common viruses was relatively common, though co-infection with viruses did not appear to aggravate the patients' condition.</p>

Reversal of multidrug resistance of the drug resistant human multiple myeloma cell line MOLP-2/R by curcumin and its relation with FA/BRCA pathway / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the reverse effect of mutidrug resistance of curcumin combined with melphalan on the mutidrug-resistant human multiple myeloma cell line MOLP-2/R and the relation with FA/BRCA pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The inhibitory effects of the drugs on the growth of MOLP-2/R cells were determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis, intracellular drug concentration and apoptosis were assayed by flow cytometry. The expression of FANCD2 monoubiquitination was determined by Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Co-administration of curcumin and melphalan had an synergistic inhibitory effects on the proliferation, IC50 of melphalan with 10 micromol/L curcumin reduced from 45.5 micromol/L to 19 micromol/L in MOLP-2/R cells. The apoptosis percentage of MOLP-2/R cells was significantly increased from (23.3 +/- 0.6)% to (52.6% +/- 0.8)% by the treatment of melphalan 20 micromol/L plus curcumin 10 micromol/L with the increased percentage of cells in the G2/M phase (from 9.1% to 18.5%) and enhanced intracellular drug concentration of MOLP-2/ R cells (from 15.2 +/- 0.3 to 21.4 +/- 0.8 ). The effects were accompanied with inhibition of FA/BRCA pathway by down regulation of FANCD2 protein monoubiquitination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Curcumin combined with melphalan results in synergistic effects and reverses multiple drug resistance of MOLP-2/R cells effectively. The inhibition of FA/BRCA pathway may be the mechanism.</p>

Relation of apoptosis of K562 cells induced by naringenin in vitro to enzyme activity changes of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and expression of FAS/FASL proteins / 中国实验血液学杂志

The objective of this study was to investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect and underlying mechanism of naringenin (NGEN) on K562 cells in vitro. The inhibition of NGEN on K562 cells was evaluated by means of MTT assay so as to observe the cytotoxicity of NGEN; The morphological changes of the cells treated by NGEN were observed by transmission electron microscope; cell apoptosis rate influenced by NGEN was assessed by flow cytometry; the enzyme activity changes of caspase-3 and caspase-8 in the process of NGEN-induced K562 apoptosis were detected by Caspase Colorimetric Assay Kit; immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect FAS, FASL protein expression in K562 cells. The results showed that the growth of cells was inhibited by NGEN in dose-and time-dependent manners (p<0.05); NGEN-induced K562 cells apoptosis and sub-G1 peak was observed; some typically early and final phase changes of cell apoptosis were revealed under transmission electron microscope; the enzyme activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and the expression of FAS remarkably increased, meanwhile the expression of FASL was down-regulated (p<0.05). It is concluded that NGEN exerts anti-cancer effect by inducing K562 cell apoptosis, and the regulation of the expression of FAS and FASL. The caspase-3 and caspase-8 co-pathway brings about one of the mechanisms.

Protection against doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage in normal blood cells by naringenin / 中国实验血液学杂志

The objective of this study was to investigate the protection by naringenin against doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage in normal blood cells. Inhibiting effects of naringenin, doxorubicin and naringenin combined with doxorubicind on K562 cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were detected with MTT method, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (MDA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were examined with spectrophotometric method in the K562 cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The results indicated that the proliferation of K562 cells was not inhibited by the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in combination of naringenin with doxorubicin. As compared with the doxorubicin, the addition of naringenin after doxorubicin for 1 hour, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) obviously decreased, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) obviously increased in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes, but these were not changed obviously in K562 cells. It is concluded naringenin can protect against doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage in normal blood cells. The mechanism of naringenin may be elevating activities of antioxidant enzyme and degrading oxidative production level in normal blood cells, and meanswhile decreasing level of oxidative products.

Mechanism of ligustrazine promoting hematopoietic reconstitution in syngenic bone marrow transplanted mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ligustrazine on the expression of stem cell factor mRNA (SCF) in bone marrow tissue and explore the mechanism of hematopoietic reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The colony forming unit of spleen (CFU-S) were counted, the survival rate at days 7, 14 and 21 after BMT were measured, as well as the expression level of SCF mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that in ligustrazine group CFU-S counts on day 10 and survival rate, expression level of SCF mRNA on day 7, 14 and 21 after BMT were higher than that in the control group (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). In conclusion, ligustrazine promotes the recovery of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow, enhances the repair of bone marrow microvessels, and then improves bone marrow microenvironment and promotes hematopoietic reconstitution.

Expression of survivin and P63 protein in B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and their effects on cell apoptosis and proliferation / 中国实验血液学杂志

The study was aimed to explore the possible roles of survivin and P63 protein in the development and progression of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) and their relation with cell apoptosis and proliferation. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the survivin and P63 protein expression, cell apoptosis and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) level in 43 cases of B-NHL and 10 cases of reactive hyperplasia lymphoid (RHL) tissues. The results indicated that the positive rates of survivin and P63 protein expression were 69.8% (30/43) and 82.7% (30/43) respectively. The expression of survivin and P63 protein was 10% (1/10) and 40% (4/10) in RHL tissues of 10 cases. The expression of survivin in aggression B-NHL was higher than that in indolent B-NHL (83.3% vs 46.2%, P < 0.01). The expression of P63 proteins in aggressive B-NHL was higher than that in indolent B-NHL (86.7% vs 76.9%, P > 0.05). Apoptotic index (AI) and proliferation index (PI) correlated positively with expression of survivin (r = 0.429, P < 0.01; r = 0.348, P < 0.01), and so do with expression of P63 proteins (r = 0.451, P < 0.01; r = 0.369, P < 0.05). In addition, AI and PI were positively related (r = 0.598, P < 0.001). It is concluded that survivin may participate in the regulation mechanism of B-NHL cell apoptosis and proliferation, P63 as an oncogene enhances proliferation and takes part in the development of B-NHL. There may be a close relationship between survivin and P63 protein in the regulation of lymphocyte proliferative kinetics.

Construction of FANCA mutant protein from Fanconi anemia patient and analysis of its function / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study FANCA protein expression in Fanconi anemia patient's (FA) cells and explore its function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FANCA protein expression was analyzed in 3 lymphoblast cell lines derived from 3 cases of type A FA (FA-A) patients using Western blot. Nucleus and cytoplasm localization of FANCA protein was analyzed in one case of FA-A which contained a truncated FANCA (exon 5 deletion). The FANCA mutant was constructed from the same patient and its interaction with FANCG was evaluated by mammalian two-hybrid (M2H) assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FANCA protein was not detected in the 3 FA-A patients by rabbit anti-human MoAb, but a truncated FANCA protein was detected in 1 of them by mouse anti-human MoAb. The truncated FANCA could not transport from cytoplasm into nucleus. The disease-associated FANCA mutant was defective in binding to FANCG in M2H system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>FANCA proteins are defective in the 3 FA-A patients. Disfunction of disease-associated FANCA mutant proved to be the pathogenic mutations in FANCA gene. Exon 5 of FANCA gene was involved in the interaction between FANCA and FANCG.</p>